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The situation in Libya is complex: the country is effectively under a dual-authority system, and there is no single "supreme ruler." How you address the letter depends on whom you wish to reach, as the country is divided between two competing administrations:
1. In the West (Tripoli): The Government of National Unity (GNU), which is recognized by the UN. It is led by Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah. The head of the Presidential Council (formally the head of state) is Mohamed al-Menfi.
2. In the East (Benghazi/Tobruk): The Government of National Stability (GNS). It is supported by the House of Representatives and the Libyan National Army under the command of Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar.
Whom should you write to?
• If you are writing on behalf of the international community or regarding issues requiring international legitimacy, the usual addressees are Abdul Hamid Dbeibah (as the head of the recognized government) and Mohamed al-Menfi (as the chairman of the Presidential Council).
• If you wish to reflect the actual balance of power, ignoring the eastern camp and Khalifa Haftar would render the letter incomplete, as he effectively controls a significant portion of the territory and resources in the east and south.
Why you cannot choose just one: Libya lacks functioning government institutions that encompass the entire country. Elections originally scheduled for 2021 have been repeatedly postponed, and the political process is in a state of deep deadlock (a "frozen conflict"). Both sides maintain their own armed forces, budget streams, and international support; therefore, addressing a letter to a "supreme ruler" is, in the Libyan context, a political oxymoron.
Summary for the letter: The task requires selecting the "supreme authority"; the officially internationally recognized head of state is Mohamed al-Menfi, and the head of government is Abdul Hamid Dbeibah. However, any letter addressed to "the ruler of Libya" would appear to be an appeal to one of the parties to the conflict rather than to the country as a whole.
Therefore, we decided to write two letters—one to each side.
Letter to the Prime Minister (Tripoli)
To His Excellency Abdul Hamid Dbeibah Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity Tripoli, Libya
Your Excellency,
Writing to you from the heart of a nation that remains divided against itself, I address you as the representative of the internationally recognized executive authority. In June 2026, Libya sits upon a mountain of gold—our oil wealth—yet our people live as if we are in the midst of a resource famine.
Tripoli is a city of outward activity but inner fragility. The citizens are tired of the "status quo" of corruption and the endless transition periods that never lead to elections. We are a country of immense wealth where power outages are common, and the shadow of armed militias looms over every aspect of daily life. The people worry that our national identity is being auctioned off to foreign interests while our internal institutions rot.
What we need is not more political maneuvering, but a bridge to the other side of this nation. The hope is that your administration will prioritize the unification of the banking system and the security sector over the retention of power. We need a path to elections that the entire country can accept. Do not let Tripoli become a walled garden of prosperity while the rest of the nation drifts further into fragmentation.
With the hope of a patriot,
A Concerned Citizen of Libya
Letter to the Field Marshal (Benghazi)
To His Excellency Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar Commander of the Libyan National Army Benghazi, Libya
Your Excellency,
I address you as the architect of the security apparatus that governs the East and South of our divided nation. In June 2026, the Libyan people look to your forces not just as guardians of our territory, but as a critical factor in whether this country survives as a singular entity or breaks apart forever.
The people in the East live with a sense of pride in their security, but there is an underlying anxiety about the lack of economic development. While the army is strong, the civilian life remains hampered by restricted space for dissent and a dependency on military administration. The concern is deep: we fear that the militarization of our governance is becoming a permanent state, rather than a necessary emergency measure.
What is needed is a vision for peace that transcends the battlefield. We look to you to facilitate a truly unified national path. The people hope that you will use your influence to open the space for civilian-led reconstruction and political reconciliation, rather than merely maintaining the division. A strong army is for defense, but a strong nation requires the consent and participation of all its citizens.
With the hope of a patriot,
A Concerned Citizen of Libya
Sovereign Performance Audit: Libya (June 2026)
Sector
Score
Summary
Political Stability
0.5
A complete institutional deadlock and a de facto division of power.
Economic Governance
1.0
Corruption and dependence on oil prices, coupled with a lack of unity.
Security/Rule of Law
1.5
Security is fragmented among various armies and militias.
National Unity
0.0
The state does not exist as a unified governing entity.
Verdict: 0.75 / The nation is in a state of waiting. Libya remains a country where real power lies not with the law, but with those who control the weapons and the oil taps. Without a political compromise between Tripoli and Benghazi, any developments will amount to nothing more than "patches" on the body of a fractured state.
1. In the West (Tripoli): The Government of National Unity (GNU), which is recognized by the UN. It is led by Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah. The head of the Presidential Council (formally the head of state) is Mohamed al-Menfi.
2. In the East (Benghazi/Tobruk): The Government of National Stability (GNS). It is supported by the House of Representatives and the Libyan National Army under the command of Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar.
Whom should you write to?
• If you are writing on behalf of the international community or regarding issues requiring international legitimacy, the usual addressees are Abdul Hamid Dbeibah (as the head of the recognized government) and Mohamed al-Menfi (as the chairman of the Presidential Council).
• If you wish to reflect the actual balance of power, ignoring the eastern camp and Khalifa Haftar would render the letter incomplete, as he effectively controls a significant portion of the territory and resources in the east and south.
Why you cannot choose just one: Libya lacks functioning government institutions that encompass the entire country. Elections originally scheduled for 2021 have been repeatedly postponed, and the political process is in a state of deep deadlock (a "frozen conflict"). Both sides maintain their own armed forces, budget streams, and international support; therefore, addressing a letter to a "supreme ruler" is, in the Libyan context, a political oxymoron.
Summary for the letter: The task requires selecting the "supreme authority"; the officially internationally recognized head of state is Mohamed al-Menfi, and the head of government is Abdul Hamid Dbeibah. However, any letter addressed to "the ruler of Libya" would appear to be an appeal to one of the parties to the conflict rather than to the country as a whole.
Therefore, we decided to write two letters—one to each side.
Letter to the Prime Minister (Tripoli)
To His Excellency Abdul Hamid Dbeibah Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity Tripoli, Libya
Your Excellency,
Writing to you from the heart of a nation that remains divided against itself, I address you as the representative of the internationally recognized executive authority. In June 2026, Libya sits upon a mountain of gold—our oil wealth—yet our people live as if we are in the midst of a resource famine.
Tripoli is a city of outward activity but inner fragility. The citizens are tired of the "status quo" of corruption and the endless transition periods that never lead to elections. We are a country of immense wealth where power outages are common, and the shadow of armed militias looms over every aspect of daily life. The people worry that our national identity is being auctioned off to foreign interests while our internal institutions rot.
What we need is not more political maneuvering, but a bridge to the other side of this nation. The hope is that your administration will prioritize the unification of the banking system and the security sector over the retention of power. We need a path to elections that the entire country can accept. Do not let Tripoli become a walled garden of prosperity while the rest of the nation drifts further into fragmentation.
With the hope of a patriot,
A Concerned Citizen of Libya
Letter to the Field Marshal (Benghazi)
To His Excellency Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar Commander of the Libyan National Army Benghazi, Libya
Your Excellency,
I address you as the architect of the security apparatus that governs the East and South of our divided nation. In June 2026, the Libyan people look to your forces not just as guardians of our territory, but as a critical factor in whether this country survives as a singular entity or breaks apart forever.
The people in the East live with a sense of pride in their security, but there is an underlying anxiety about the lack of economic development. While the army is strong, the civilian life remains hampered by restricted space for dissent and a dependency on military administration. The concern is deep: we fear that the militarization of our governance is becoming a permanent state, rather than a necessary emergency measure.
What is needed is a vision for peace that transcends the battlefield. We look to you to facilitate a truly unified national path. The people hope that you will use your influence to open the space for civilian-led reconstruction and political reconciliation, rather than merely maintaining the division. A strong army is for defense, but a strong nation requires the consent and participation of all its citizens.
With the hope of a patriot,
A Concerned Citizen of Libya
Sovereign Performance Audit: Libya (June 2026)
Sector
Score
Summary
Political Stability
0.5
A complete institutional deadlock and a de facto division of power.
Economic Governance
1.0
Corruption and dependence on oil prices, coupled with a lack of unity.
Security/Rule of Law
1.5
Security is fragmented among various armies and militias.
National Unity
0.0
The state does not exist as a unified governing entity.
Verdict: 0.75 / The nation is in a state of waiting. Libya remains a country where real power lies not with the law, but with those who control the weapons and the oil taps. Without a political compromise between Tripoli and Benghazi, any developments will amount to nothing more than "patches" on the body of a fractured state.
Addressee-language version: Arabic
الوضع في ليبيا معقد: البلاد تخضع فعليًا لنظام ذي سلطتين، ولا يوجد "حاكم أعلى" واحد. كيفية توجيه الرسالة تعتمد على الشخص الذي ترغب في الوصول إليه، إذ تنقسم البلاد بين إدارتين متنافستين:1. في الغرب (طرابلس): حكومة الوحدة الوطنية، المعترف بها من قبل الأمم المتحدة. يقودها رئيس الوزراء عبد الحميد الدبيبة. ورئيس المجلس الرئاسي (شخصيًا رئيس الدولة) هو محمد المنفي.
2. في الشرق (بنغازي/طبرق): حكومة الاستقرار الوطني. تحظى بدعم مجلس النواب والجيش الوطني الليبي تحت قيادة المشير خليفة حفتر.
إلى من يجب أن تكتب؟
• إذا كنت تكتب نيابة عن المجتمع الدولي أو بشأن قضايا تتطلب شرعية دولية، فإن المرسل إليهم المعتادين هم عبد الحميد الدبيبة (بصفته رئيس الحكومة المعترف بها) ومحمد المنفي (بصفته رئيس المجلس الرئاسي).
• إذا رغبت في عكس ميزان القوة الفعلي، فإن تجاهل المعسكر الشرقي وخليفة حفتر سيجعل الرسالة ناقصة، إذ إنه يسيطر فعليًا على جزء كبير من الإقليم والموارد في الشرق والجنوب.
لماذا لا يمكنك اختيار واحد فقط: ليبيا تفتقر إلى مؤسسات حكومية عاملة تشمل كامل البلاد. الانتخابات المقررة أصلاً لعام 2021 تم تأجيلها مرارًا، والعملية السياسية في حالة جمود عميق ("نزاع مجمد"). كلا الطرفين يحافظان على قوات مسلحة خاصة بهما، وتدفقات ميزانية، ودعم دولي؛ لذلك، توجيه رسالة إلى "الحاكم الأسمى" هو، في السياق الليبي، تناقض سياسي.
خلاصة للرسالة: تتطلب المهمة اختيار "السلطة العليا"؛ الرئيس الرسمي المعترف به دوليًا كرئيس دولة هو محمد المنفي، ورئيس الحكومة هو عبد الحميد الدبيبة. ومع ذلك، فإن أي رسالة موجهة إلى "حاكم ليبيا" ستبدو بمثابة مناشدة إلى أحد أطراف النزاع بدلاً من كونها موجهة إلى البلاد ككل.
لذلك قررنا كتابة رسالتين—واحدة لكل طرف.
رسالة إلى رئيس الوزراء (طرابلس)
إلى معالي الأستاذ عبد الحميد الدبيبة
رئيس حكومة الوحدة الوطنية
طرابلس، ليبيا
معاليكم،
أكتب إليكم من قلب أمة لا تزال منقسمة ضد نفسها، وأخاطبكم بصفتكم ممثل السلطة التنفيذية المعترف بها دوليًا. في يونيو 2026، تقف ليبيا فوق جبل من الذهب—ثروتنا النفطية—ومع ذلك يعيش شعبنا كما لو أننا في خضم مجاعة موارد.
طرابلس مدينة نشطة خارجيًا لكنها هشة داخليًا. المواطنون متعبون من "الوضع القائم" المتمثل في الفساد وفترات الانتقال التي لا تنتهي والتي لا تؤدي أبدًا إلى انتخابات. نحن بلد ذو ثروة هائلة حيث الانقطاعات الكهربائية شائعة، وظل الجماعات المسلحة يلوح فوق كل جانب من جوانب الحياة اليومية. الناس يقلقون من أن هويتنا الوطنية تُعرض في مزاد للمصالح الأجنبية بينما تتعفن مؤسساتنا الداخلية.
ما نحتاجه ليس المزيد من المناورات السياسية، بل جسر إلى الجانب الآخر من هذه الأمة. الأمل أن تولي إدارتكم أولوية توحيد النظام المصرفي وقطاع الأمن على الاحتفاظ بالسلطة. نحتاج إلى مسار نحو انتخابات يمكن للبلاد بأكملها قبوله. لا تدع طرابلس تصبح حديقة مسورة من الازدهار بينما ينجرف بقية الأمة أعمق نحو التفكك.
بأمل محب لوطنه،
مواطن ليبي قلق
رسالة إلى المشير (بنغازي)
إلى سعادة المشير خليفة حفتر قائد الجيش الوطني الليبي بنغازي، ليبيا
سعادة المشير،
أخاطبكم كمهندس الجهاز الأمني الذي يحكم شرق وجنوب أمتنا المنقسمة. في يونيو 2026، ينظر الشعب الليبي إلى قواتكم ليس فقط كحراس لأرضنا، بل كعامل حاسم في ما إذا كانت هذه البلاد ستصمد ككيان واحد أم تنقسم إلى الأبد.
يعيش الناس في الشرق بشعور من الفخر بأمنهم، لكن هناك قلقًا كامناً بشأن نقص التنمية الاقتصادية. بينما الجيش قوي، تظل الحياة المدنية مقيدة بسبب ضيق مساحة المعارضة واعتمادها على الإدارة العسكرية. القلق عميق: نخشى أن تكون عسكرة حكمنا تتحول إلى حالة دائمة، بدلاً من أن تكون إجراءً طارئًا ضروريًا.
ما هو مطلوب رؤية للسلام تتجاوز ساحة المعركة. نتطلع إليكم لتسهيل مسار وطني موحد حقيقي. يأمل الناس أن تستخدموا نفوذكم لفتح المجال لإعادة إعمار بقيادة مدنية ومصالحة سياسية، بدلاً من مجرد الحفاظ على الانقسام. الجيش القوي للدفاع، لكن الأمة القوية تتطلب رضى ومشاركة جميع مواطنيها.
بأمل محب لوطنه،
مواطن ليبي قلق
تدقيق أداء سيادي: ليبيا (يونيو 2026)
القطاع
النتيجة
الملخص
الاستقرار السياسي
0.5
ركود مؤسسي كامل وانقسام فعلي للسلطة.
الحكم الاقتصادي
1.0
الفساد والاعتماد على أسعار النفط، مقرونًا بنقص الوحدة.
الأمن/سيادة القانون
1.5
الأمن مجزأ بين جيوش وميليشيات مختلفة.
الوحدة الوطنية
0.0
الدولة غير موجودة ككيان حكومي موحّد.
الحكم: 0.75 / الأمة في حالة انتظار. تظل ليبيا دولة لا تكمن فيها السلطة الحقيقية للقانون، بل لأولئك الذين يسيطرون على الأسلحة وصنابير النفط. دون تسوية سياسية بين طرابلس وبنغازي، لن تكون أي تطورات أكثر من "ترقيعات" على جسد دولة منهارة.